The Hermosa Beach Neighborhood Association
2011 Election Info
HBNA Photo
Gallery
HB Crime Info
HB Weblinks
City of Hermosa Beach 2011 Election Information
Includes: All Candidate Statements & Contact Info
All Ballot Measure Info and Arguments For & Against
Post Your Questions For The CIty Council Candiates
All Hermosa Beach City Council Candidates have this info from The HBNA Newsletter.
LA County Report: Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in Los Angeles County - March 2011
PRESS RELEASE: Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in Los Angeles County
HBNA Newsletter - October 3, 2011
From: The Hermosa Beach
Neighborhood Association
.
Re: YouTube
videos and other info regarding
.
Take a quick
look at one of the YouTube videos in question:
YouTube Title:
CDubs 4th of July
2011 at the Ocean Bar
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy_QekrNYrA
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
Ocean
Bar Summer 2011
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZchhHyp8g8
1
min
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
Quintal
de casa, Sharkeez
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge6im5PuAa8
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
The Shore
Hermosa Promo Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPVUmRZMLCw
3 min 30 sec
__________________________________________________
.
This HBNA
Newsletter has 3 more
YouTube videos that show "similar outcomes".
.
.
Greetings
I hope all
is well.
This is the
latest HBNA Newsletter that all of the
In this
e-mail there are YouTube videos and other information that relate to
the HBNA
Debate questions 5 and 6.
The HBNA
Candidate Debate will take place this Wednesday, October
5, 2011 at 7 pm at the City Council Chambers.
The HBNA Debate will be aired live and replay daily on Time Warner ch 8
FIOS ch
31.
Please
reply to this e-mail, if you have any questions for the
If you want to be removed from this e-mail list, then Type, Remove in
the
Subject Line, or in the Body of the e-mail.
Best
regards,
The HBNA
If you
find The HBNA Newsletter informative, you may want to
forward this e-mail to your neighbors.
You can
contact the
This is
the official contact page and the Hermosa Beach 2011
election page:
http://www.hermosabch.org/elected/elections/election20111108.html
Post Your Questions For The CIty Council Candiates
Take
the Hermosa Beach Community Survey Online
_________________________________________________
Debate
Question 5:
In the past
the HBPD has stated that over-crowding, over-serving and under-age
drinking
were problems that had to be dealt with.
Does
over-crowding, over-serving and under-age drinking continue to be
problem in
__________________________________________________
One of the
recommendations from the "Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in
"Ensure compliance with responsible sales and serving practices."
http://www.lapublichealth.org/epi/docs/AOD%20final%20print%20secured.pdf
Would
strict enforcement of the 50-50 law with verified documentation; reduce
the
alcohol related problems that the HBPD has to deal, from restaurants
that over-serve
alcohol?
__________________________________________________
City of
http://www.hermosabch.org/departments/cityclerk/code/
ZONING
Chapter 17.04
DEFINITIONS
http://www.hermosabch.org/departments/cityclerk/code/1704.html#040
17.04.
050 Commercial land use
definitions.
http://www.hermosabch.org/departments/cityclerk/code/1704.html#050
Alcohol
Beverage Establishment, On-Sale. "On-sale alcohol
beverage establishment" means
sale of
alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, spirits) for consumption on the
premises
whether in conjunction with a restaurant, or as a bar or cocktail
lounge or in
conjunction with a nightclub (see definition of "restaurant").
"Restaurant" means an
establishment which primarily sells prepared food. Where beer and wine
are
sold, a minimum of sixty-five (65) percent of the total gross sales,
computed
monthly, shall result from the sale of prepared food; where other
alcoholic
beverages, not exclusively beer and wine, are sold, a minimum of fifty
(50)
percent of the total gross sales, computed monthly, shall result from
the sale
of prepared food. The establishment shall serve either one of the
following:
breakfast, lunch or dinner or has a kitchen with equipment capable of
serving
breakfast, lunch or dinner.
__________________________________________________
Alcohol
Beverage
Establishment, On-Sale, as a
"Restaurant"
“. . . where other
alcoholic beverages,
not exclusively beer and wine, are sold, a minimum of fifty (50)
percent of the
total gross sales, computed monthly, shall result from the sale of
prepared
food.
__________________________________________________
The following YouTube videos
appear to be
The following YouTube Videos may show, or appear to have:
- Over-Crowding of Interior
Restaurant Space and Obstruction of Exits
- The use of Flares or
Pyro-Technic Devices inside a Restaurant for Entertainment
- The unobstructed 4 foot
path of entry
and egress aisles, that is required by Fire Code, is obstructed
- Stairs and Doorways that
are obstructed,
along with No Use of the Interior Lighting
- All taking place inside
what appears to
be, or may be
Some of the
YouTube
videos in this e-mail, appear to
have young
Female Fashion Models, Dancing in Various Stages of Undress,
with Body-Makeup Used as One Would Use
Clothing.
The fashion
event on the YouTube videos appears to have the name:
FIN
- Fashion Industry
Night - FULL RUNWAY
FASHION SHOW AND LIVE ART SHOWCASE
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
CDubs 4th of July 2011
at the Ocean
Bar
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cy_QekrNYrA
3 min 38 sec
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
Ocean Bar Summer 2011
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZchhHyp8g8
1 min
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
Quintal de casa,
Sharkeez
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ge6im5PuAa8
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
The
Shore Hermosa Promo Video
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UPVUmRZMLCw
3
min 30 sec
__________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
The
following
YouTube
videos, appear to
have young
Female Fashion Models, Dancing in Various Stages of Undress,
with Body-Makeup Used as One Would Use
Clothing.
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Videos:
FIN
– Fashion Industry
Night
FULL
RUNWAY FASHION SHOW AND LIVE ART SHOWCASE
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
F.I.N. at sharkeez
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Skc9hZyFSFY
20 sec
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
FIN at Sharkeez
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OxE1__i2f3k
1 min
__________________________________________________
YouTube
Video Title:
FIN Sharkeez
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9AOPZ817qlw
59 Sec
__________________________________________________
FIN
- Fashion Industry
Night
FOR
IMMEDIATE RELEASE
FULL
RUNWAY FASHION SHOW AND LIVE ART SHOWCASE
http://konatanningcompany.blogspot.com/2010/08/baja-sharkeez-newport-beach-fashion.html
Baja Sharkeez
Baja Sharkeez
Since the beginning of
the year
Sharkeez Hermosa Beach has been hosting a similar show featuring local
designers, artists, and stylists. Music, fashion, and art are the main
focus
for the evening.
__________________________________________________
Fashion
Industry Night – Photography
FiN
fashion industry
night-Embodiment at Sharkeez in
http://www.jugonphotography.com/Events/Sharkeez-Hermosa-52410/12326833_qop3V#880354829_mQgyN
__________________________________________________
FiN - Fashion Industry
Night & Fashion Show @ sharkeez:
Monday, November 16 - 8PM
After Monday Night Football is over Sharkeez Hermosa brings the
http://www.southbayevents.com/events/special_event_details.asp?event_id=543
__________________________________________________
If you
want to contact by phone or e-mail, the
http://www.hermosabch.org/elected/elections/election20111108.html
Post
Your Questions For The CIty Council Candiates
__________________________________________________
All of the
following crime numbers were compiled from the HBPD Monthly
Report - July-2011:
http://www.hermosabch.org/police/july2011.html
Monthly
Year to Date
Statistics - HBPD
Hermosa
Beach Police Department
Monthly Report
July - 2011
For the
first seven months including January to July YTD (Year to
Date)
January
2010 thru YTD July 2010
Compared
To:
January
2011 thru YTD July 2011
__________________________________________________
Sex Crimes - January to July
3 Sex
Crimes thru YTD July 2010
5 Sex Crimes thru YTD July 2011 ----------Sex
Crimes Increased 66%
__________________________________________________
Assault - January to July
46 Assaults thru YTD July 2010
60 Assaults thru YTD July 2011 ---------------Assaults
Increased 30%
__________________________________________________
Burglary - January to July
58 Burglaries thru YTD July 2010
76 Burglaries thru YTD July 2011
-------------Burglary Increased 31%
__________________________________________________
D.U.I. (Driving Under the Influence)- January to July
128 D.U.I. thru YTD July 2010
173 D.U.I. thru YTD July 2011
--------------------DUI Increased 35 %
__________________________________________________
Adults Arrested - January to July
392 Adults Arrested thru YTD July 2010
472 Adults Arrested thru YTD July 2011 -------Adults Arrested
Increased 20%
__________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
Daily
Breeze – September 28, 2011
Police Log
–
Robbery -
12:20 a.m. Sept. 25, 1300 block of
Robbery -
12:47 a.m. Sept. 25, 1500 block of
__________________________________________________
The Beach Reporter -
September 22, 2011
ROBBERIES. An unidentified
suspect pushed the victim down
as she was approaching the front door of her residence in the 1800
block of
An unknown suspect took
the victim’s phone by force while
she was holding it in the 300 block of
__________________________________________________
Daily
Breeze – September 21, 2011
Angry
driver
allegedly runs down pedestrian in Hermosa Beach
By Larry
Altman Staff Writer
Posted: 09/20/2011
12:24:14 PM PDT
Updated: 09/20/2011
03:14:43 PM PDT
A
Jared Montes Polk, 25,
allegedly struck the victim about Sunday evening in the 400 block of
"As far
as we can tell, it was just out of anger,"
Gaglia said. Two men were crossing the
street about 9:15 p.m. when Polk, driving a black Honda Element,
screeched to a
stop and nearly hit them, Gaglia said.
After one
of the men questioned Polk about his actions, Polk
allegedly backed up about 20 feet, repositioned his car in the lane and
drove
directly at the men. One leaped to
avoid being hit. The other man, who recently had knee surgery, was
unable to
get out of the way and was struck.
The
victim rolled up onto the car's hood and tumbled onto the
pavement, Gaglia said. The car then
drove away.
The
victim was not seriously injured. He suffered scrapes to his
arm, leg and the palms of his hands, but did not require
hospitalization.
"He was
somewhat lucky," Gaglia said. "He could
have died." He did not require
hospitalization.
Police
tracked Polk to
__________________________________________________
The
Beach Reporter – July 21, 2011
ASSAULT
WITH A DEADLY
WEAPON. A suspected DUI driver was followed by a police patrol car at
__________________________________________________
Quotes
and
Los
Angeles County
Department of Public Health, Office of Health Assessment and
Epidemiology.
Reducing Alcohol-Related
Harms in
You can
print out a pdf
of the"Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in
http://www.lapublichealth.org/epi/docs/AOD%20final%20print%20secured.pdf
or this weblink:
http://www.lapublichealth.org/epi/
The City of
Here is a
quote from paragraph 4 of a 5 paragraph statement from
Jonathan
E. Fielding, Director of Public Health and Health Officer, from page 2
of the
pdf, "Reducing
Alcohol-Related Harms in
"A high density of alcohol
outlets
increases alcohol consumption, motor vehicle crashes, alcohol-related
hospital
admissions, injury deaths, assaults and violent crime, suicides,
drinking and
driving, child maltreatment and neighborhood disturbances. In
this
report, we examined the relationship between the density of alcohol
outlets and
three alcohol-related harms in 117 cities and communities across Los
Angeles
County and found similar results; increased rates of violent crime,
alcohol-involved motor vehicle crashes, and alcohol related deaths were
all
associated with having a high density of alcohol outlets in that city
or
community."
Jonathan E. Fielding, MD, MPH
Director of Public Health
and Health
Officer
Quote from page 6 of the
pdf "Reducing
Alcohol-Related Harms in
"Communities with a high
density of
either On- or Off-Premises outlets were . . 9 to 10 times more likely
to have
increased rates of violent crime"
Quotes from page 11 of the
pdf, "Reducing
Alcohol-Related Harms in
"Excessive consumption of
alcohol is
a major public health concern among teenagers and adults in
"The findings in this
analysis are
consistent with previous studies which have shown significant
associations
between alcohol availability and alcohol-related harms. For
example,
environmental factors such as the density of alcohol outlets have been
found to
play an important role in teenage drinking. Among
teenagers in
___________________________________________________
Take
the Hermosa Beach Community Survey Online
___________________________________________________
Data
compiled from page 6 to page 10 of the pdf, "Reducing
Alcohol-Related Harms in
http://www.lapublichealth.org/epi/docs/AOD%20final%20print%20secured.pdf
-
-
-
Among the 7
The following is a ranking of the
violent crime rate for the
7 South Bay Cities that border the ocean, from El Segundo south to
-
-
-
- El Segundo ranked number 4, and had
2.1 violent crimes per 1000 of
population.
-
-
- Palos Verdes Estates ranked number 7,
and had 0.3 violent crimes per
1000 of population.
"Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in
Reference
21:
Aggregated
data from State of
-
-
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Public
Health News
For
Immediate Release:
April
21, 2011
For more information contact:
Public
Health Communications
(213)
240-8144 | After-hours/wknds: (213) 990-7107
Greater
Alcohol Availability Associated with Increase
in Violent Crime, Car Crashes, and Drinking-Related Deaths
Report examines relationship between alcohol outlet density by community and alcohol-related harms
http://www.lapublichealth.org/epi/docs/AOD%20final%20print%20secured.pdf
LOS
ANGELES -
Excessive consumption of alcohol is a major public health problem among
teenagers and adults in
The
report,
"Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in
"Excessive
alcohol consumption, which includes binge drinking and heavy drinking,
not only
has devastating personal effects, but also takes a tremendous toll on
families
and communities," said Jonathan E. Fielding, MD, MPH, Director of
Public
Health and Health Officer.
"Increased
alcohol availability contributes to abuse, leads to serious medical
illnesses
and impaired mental health. Drinking too much also results in increased
motor
vehicle crashes and violent crime, family disruptions, and impaired
performance
at work and school - costing
Key
findings from the
report include:
-
16 percent of county
adults are binge drinkers, and one in five Los Angeles-area high school
students reported binge drinking at least once in the past month
-
Communities with a
high density of restaurants, bars or stores selling alcohol were much
more
likely to have increased rates of violent crime
-
Communities with a
high density of outlets where patrons can consume alcohol were three
times more
likely to have increased rates of alcohol-involved vehicle crashes
-
Communities with a
high density of outlets where alcoholic beverages are sold for
consumption
elsewhere were five times more likely to have increased rates of
alcohol-related deaths
"Alcohol
is the
most frequently used drug among teenagers and is a leading cause of
death from
injuries among people under the age of 21," said John Viernes, Jr.,
Director of Substance Abuse Prevention and Control, Los Angeles County
Department of Public Health. "Preventing and reducing underage
drinking,
which increases the risk of alcohol- related problems later in life, is
especially important. We would like to work closely with communities to
take
preventive actions at the community level."
The
report lists
several strategies communities can use to reduce alcohol-related
consequences
including:
-
Implementing and
enforcing local ordinances to limit alcohol outlet density.
-
Restricting the
availability and accessibility of alcohol to minors.
-
Reducing youth
exposure to alcohol advertising.
-
Ensuring compliance
with responsible sales and serving practices.
-
Providing education
to youth on the hazards of alcohol and the legal and social
consequences of
use.
-
Improving access to
mental health and substance abuse services.
For
a full copy of the
report, "Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in
The
Department of
Public Health is committed to protecting and improving the health of
the nearly
10 million residents of
Public
Health
comprises more than 4,000 employees and has an annual budget exceeding
$750
million. To learn more about Public Health and the work we do, please
visit http://www.publichealth.lacounty.gov,
visit our YouTube channel at http://www.youtube.com/lapublichealth,
or follow us on Twitter: LAPublicHealth.
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
Center
for Substance Abuse Prevention.
SAMHSA/CSAP
Prevention Enhancement Protocols.
Substance
Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK16487/
1: Public
Health and Safety Problems Related to Alcohol Availability
The
most effective prevention methods target the
broad community problems caused by alcohol abuse.
Throughout its history,
the United
States has attempted to minimize the social problems that arise from
the
distribution, sale, and use of alcohol; over the course of two and a
quarter
centuries a variety of Federal, State, and local initiatives have been
tried to
prevent the alcohol-related problems that threaten public health and
safety.
For all their good intentions, however, many of these efforts have
narrowly
focused on managing individual alcohol outlets that serve customers to
the
point of intoxication, that sell alcohol to underage youth, or that
threaten
neighborhood safety, overlooking the larger environmental factors that
are both
more subtle and more pervasive. Effective prevention interventions must
target
not only specific problem drinkers and alcohol retailers but the
broader communities
they inhabit.
alcohol outlet - a business or location
where
alcoholic beverages are sold to the public or to a select membership.
According to a 1990 U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services
(DHHS) report, the most effective State and local approaches
to
solving the problems associated with alcohol use are those that involve
the
full range of community systems: health, education, transportation,
law, engineering,
architecture, and public safety. The participation of concerned
citizens,
community groups, and alcohol retailers themselves can also help with
problems
related to the distribution and sale of alcoholic beverages.
This guide focuses on
broad,
environmental approaches to prevention that take into account
everything from
social and economic factors to land use, framed by the public health
model
described by Fagan (1993a, b). Fagan's model emphasizes
identifying
the settings and circumstances within communities at highest risk for
alcohol-related problems and applying interventions that address the
links
between problem behaviors and environmental factors.
This first chapter of the
guide
defines the terms used, presents data on alcohol-related problems, and
their
effects on public health. It also offers an assessment of community
involvement
in prevention efforts.
Alcohol
Problems and
Public Health Safety
The publication Healthy
People
2000 (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
1990),
part of the Federal Government's initiative to reduce the incidence,
prevalence, and consequences of high-priority health problems,
indicated that
alcohol use contributes to morbidity, injuries, and mortality from
cirrhosis of
the liver - the Nation's ninth leading cause of death - vehicular and
workplace
accidents, domestic violence, child abuse and neglect, and homicides
and
suicides.
The consequences of
alcohol abuse
call for government and community efforts in myriad areas: dealing with
drunk-driving accidents; handling alcohol-related crime; treating
alcohol
dependence and related medical problems, including secondary
consequences such
as fetal alcohol syndrome; and making up for lost productivity from
workers who
are impaired, incarcerated, victims of crime, in need of medical
treatment, or
dead before their time due to alcohol. In addition to the tragedy is
enormous
expense: the economic costs of alcohol abuse in the United States came
to
approximately $99 billion in 1990 and were projected to reach $124
billion by
1997 (Parsons and Kamenca 1993; Rice 1993).
Alcohol
and
Non-Vehicular Trauma
People who abuse alcohol
are both
more likely to be involved in physically traumatic events and more
likely to be
seriously hurt in them than nondrinkers are. In fact, according to the
National
Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (Stussman 1997), more than half of
all
emergency-room visits associated with alcohol or drug use involve
traumatic injuries.
The report also notes that individuals who die from injuries are more
likely to
have used alcohol more frequently and heavily than are those who die
from
disease.
Other studies indicate
that alcohol
is a factor in 21 to 47 percent of drownings, 35 to 63 percent of
deaths from
falls, and 12 to 61 percent of fire-related deaths (Hingson and Howland 1993). Burn
victims
with blood alcohol concentrations (BAC's) above 0.06 percent were more
than
twice as likely to die as burn victims with BAC's of 0.06 or less (Haum et al. 1995).
Alcohol abuse is
particularly
prevalent among patients with head trauma. Research findings vary, but
generally indicate that more than 50 percent of those who sustain head
injuries
were drinking alcohol before or at the time of injury (Kraus 1993). To put the
consequences in
hard dollar terms, in 1994 the National Head Injury Foundation
estimated the
lifetime medical expenses for a person with a severe head injury at
$4.6
million.
Alcohol,
Crime, and
Violence
The use of alcohol is
indisputably
associated with homicide, sexual and other assault, domestic violence,
and
child abuse (Roizen 1997). A review of several
studies
of drinking patterns and homicides shows that 7 to 85 percent of
murderers had
been drinking when they committed their crimes; most of the studies
reported
that 60 percent of homicide offenders were drinking at the time of the
offense
(Murdoch, Pihl, and Ross 1990). A
study of
police reports in northern
According to a 1990 study
by the
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), alcohol
also has
factored in approximately a third of all suicides. In addition,
positive blood
alcohol levels are frequently found among victims of drug overdoses (Commonwealth of Massachusetts 1995).
Alcohol
and Youth
Nationwide studies report
that more
than half of
Among young people in
particular,
alcohol use is known to be associated with a decreased likelihood of
condom use
and other measures to prevent pregnancy and disease transmission from
sexual
intercourse (Strunin and Hingson 1992). Heavy
consumption of alcohol along with other drug use is also associated
with poor
school performance, high school dropout, and problems with work
productivity
later in life (Cook and Moore 1992). Young people
entering
the work force immediately after high school tend to maintain the
drinking
patterns established in their last school years; approximately 30
percent
report that they are heavy drinkers (Harford 1993).
A survey at 140 colleges
found that
44 percent of students reported binge drinking, defined as five or more
drinks
per sitting. Frequent binge drinkers were 10 times more likely than
non-binge
drinkers to report trouble with campus police, damages to property,
injuries,
and unplanned or unprotected sex (Wechsler et al. 1994). A
nationwide survey
of students in grades 9 through 12 found that the prevalence of
drinking and
driving increased substantially with alcohol use and especially binge
drinking
(Escobedo, Chorba, and Waxweilen 1995).
Alcohol
Consumption and
Related Problems
It is clear that an
individual's
level of consumption is related to the nature and extent of any
problems that
result from alcohol use, as demonstrated by risk function analysis,
which looks
at relationships between volumes of alcohol consumed and the social
consequences (NIAAA 1997). A report by Room, Bondy, and Ferris (1995)
states that
in six life areas, the probability of harm rises steadily with the
respondent's
alcohol consumption. Considering similar findings by other researchers,
Edwards et al. (1994) observe that
the
lessons "for the individual and society are outstandingly clear - less
is
better, more drinking carries more risk for a wide range of adverse
happenings,
and heavy drinking is distinctly dangerous behavior" (p. 68).
The health and social
problems
associated with alcohol do not apply only to individuals who are
clinically
dependent on alcoholabout 7 percent of the population (Moore and Gerstein 1981). In fact,
many
problems occur among individuals who are not dependent on alcohol,
while many
others use alcohol without experiencing negative health consequences (NIAAA 1993). But problems also
occur as a
result of community tolerance of the social and economic norms for
alcohol
availability and use. Therefore, understanding the risks can play a
significant
role in shaping a community's response to alcohol-related problems.
Researchers in the field
are looking
for effective methods to curtail these problems while at the same time
allowing
for the responsible and appropriate distribution of alcohol. This
Reference
Guide analyzes research and practice findings on efforts to manage
alcohol
availability and synthesizes the available knowledge on the
effectiveness of
these approaches in solving specific problems.
Forms
of Alcohol
Availability and Related Terms
Three forms of alcohol
availability
are of particular interest to local communities concerned with
alcohol-related
problems. In this guide, the term availability refers primarily to the
means by
which alcohol is made available at the community level. As broken down
by Wittman and Shane (1988), this
includes
retail availability (commercial alcohol outlets), public availability
(alcohol
at public events and in public places), and social availability
(alcohol served
privately according to social customs and traditions):
Public
Availability.
Alcohol is often available at public events and in public places that
are the
responsibility of agencies such as city parks departments. Public
availability
is usually controlled by local jurisdictions, but State Alcoholic
Beverage
Control Boards 1 (ABC's) may also control
availability if alcohol is sold to the public or is available at
State-sponsored events or locations. Public agencies also influence
availability through their drinking policies for employees and by
hosting
social events at which alcohol may be present. The relationships among
alcohol's
public availability, consumption, and public health problems are of
relatively
recent interest and have not been the subject of extensive research,
except in
Retail
Availability.
Alcohol available by commercial sale affects communities in a number of
ways.
Considerations relevant to retail availability include economic factors
(price), the density of outlets in a given area, types of outlets
(defined in
the following section), conditions of sale (serving practices), hours
and days
of sale, and the issuance of one-day and other short-term licenses for
serving
alcohol. Retail availability is controlled by both State and local
jurisdictions. The relationships among retail availability, consumption
of
alcohol, and public health problems are of longstanding interest to
researchers
and are the primary focus of this guide.
Social
Availability.
Hardest to quantify, alcohol's social availability in any given
community
depends on the accepted norms for drinking at private events
established
through the community's history, culture, and beliefs. A number of
studies have
defined social availability and discussed its relationship to other
forms of
availability (Abbey et al. 1990; Calahan, Cisin, and Crossley 1969;
Rabow et al. 1982; Room and Roizen 1973; Smart 1980). While not the primary
focus of
this guide, social availability is considered here in light of its
significant
effects on other forms of alcohol availability. The relationship
between social
drinking norms and regulatory controls is a critical subject in need of
further
research.
Other terms used in this
guide's
discussion of retail availability are explained below; a comprehensive
glossary
appears in appendix F.
Alcohol Outlet - A retail business that
sells
alcoholic beverages to the public or to a select membership. Under the
21st
Amendment, each State has the power to control the means by which
alcohol is
made available to the public. Thus, States either establish a monopoly
on
retail sales of alcohol (see Control State) or issue various
types of
retail licenses to private parties to sell alcoholic beverages (see
License State). These variations in States' regulations and the
resulting
variety of retail alcohol licenses largely account for the differing
availabilities of alcohol products across the
Alcohol Outlet Density - The number of outlets
licensed to
sell alcohol within a specific geographic area. To understand and
compare the
problems associated with alcohol availability within and among States,
the
following measures have been proposed to categorize outlets according
to
density (Wittman 1994):
Commercial
Density -
The
percentage of alcohol outlets in relation to the total number of
commercial
outlets in a given planning area. For example, if a neighborhood has 16
stores
and 4 of them sell alcohol, the commercial density for alcohol sales is
25
percent. Commercial density can also be measured by the relative share
of floor
space assigned to on- or off-sale alcohol sales. For example, in a
convenience
store with 1,000 square feet accessible to the customer, if 320 square
feet
were devoted to alcoholic beverages, then 30 percent of the store would
be
devoted to alcohol sales.
Geographic
Density -
The
number of alcohol outlets per unit of land area within a given
geographic area,
such as a planning district, police reporting district, ZIP Code, or
census
tract. Geographic density reflects travel time and other costs incurred
to
obtain alcoholic beverages.
On-Sale
Capacity
- The
aggregate number of spaces for alcoholic beverages in on-sale outlets
within a
determined geographic area.
Population
Density -
The
density of alcohol outlets per population unit, or the number of
outlets for a
given population (see figure 2-1 in chapter 2). Population density
figures are
calculated for a defined geographic area.
Determining the density
of alcohol
outlets (typically per 1,000 residents) provides community members,
city and
local officials, and public policymakers with information that can
support the
development of effective public health intervention strategies. For
example, an
analysis of the number of licenses issued in a community at high risk
for
alcohol-related problems might prevent the issuance of additional
licenses that
would increase the threats to public health and safety.
Alcoholic Beverage
Control Agency - The State agency
responsible for
regulating the manufacture, transportation, distribution, and sale of
alcoholic
beverages, as required by the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution
(the
Prohibition Repeal Amendment).
Conditional-Use Permit
(CUP) -
An alcohol-sale permit granted to
retail outlets on a case-by-case basis according to the merits of the
permit
application. The local review process may impose requirements designed
to
protect the community's health, safety, and welfare as a condition of
the local
zoning authority's approving the permit. The use of CUPs offers
communities a
significant opportunity to apply local land-use and planning ordinances
to
prevent health and safety problems associated with alcohol
availability. CUPs
can also be used as a means to eliminate public nuisances related to
alcohol
outlets.
Local Control - The powers of cities
and counties
to establish local public policies to regulate alcohol outlets. Several
States
give local jurisdictions the right of first review of any applications
for
State licenses. Most States reserve this right but give local
jurisdictions the
power to shape the local distribution and operation of alcohol outlets
through
planning and zoning permits. The latter method allows jurisdictions the
flexibility to tailor policies to local conditions. The city or county
might
choose passive zoning, which issues permits automatically ("as of
right") if the applicant meets minimum published standards, or it might
use more active zoning to review each case on its merits through
conditional-use permit reviews (see Conditional-Use Permit; active and
passive
zoning are discussed in detail in chapter 2).
Nexus - The relationship
between an
alcohol outlet and consequent alcohol-related problems. The term nexus
is used both by ABC's considering the case of an individual outlet and
to refer
to classes of problems related to groups of alcohol outlets, such as
community
concerns about convenience stores' laxity regarding alcohol sales to
minors.
Off-Sale Outlet - An establishment
licensed to sell
alcohol for consumption outside, but not within, its premises. Examples
of
off-sale outlets include liquor stores, supermarkets, specialty wine
shops, and
some gas stations and minimarkets (see Table 1-1).
On-Sale Outlet - An establishment
licensed to sell
alcohol for consumption within, but not outside, its premises. Examples
of
on-sale outlets include bars, taverns, clubs, and restaurants where
alcohol is
served. These outlets may sell alcoholic beverages only or they may
provide
snacks, other food items, and sometimes entertainment. State ABC's and
local
jurisdictions often distinguish between bars, which are primarily
drinking
establishments, and restaurants, where alcoholic beverage sales are
incidental
to the serving of meals (see Table 1-1).
In a small number of
States,
variations in on- and off-sale licensing result in combined forms of
alcohol
sales. For example, some on-sale alcohol outlets, such as bars, are
licensed to
sell packaged alcoholic beverages such as six-packs of beer for
consumption off
the premises. (See chapter 2 for a more detailed
description
of on- and off-sale outlets.)
Responsible Beverage
Service -
A general term describing a range
of preventive policies and practices for the sale or service of
alcoholic
beverages in off- and on-sale establishments. These policies, mandatory
in some
States, are designed to prevent patrons from becoming intoxicated, to
ensure
that those who are intoxicated are not served and are not exposed to
harm, and
to prevent the sale of alcohol to minors.
|
Table
1-1. Types of Alcohol Outlets and Conditions of |
|
|
Types
of Off-Sale Outlets |
Types
of On-Sale Outlets |
|
Beer-only
stores |
Licensed
restaurants: |
Effects
of Availability
on Alcohol Problems
A significant body of
research
points to a strong association, or nexus, among alcohol availability,
rates of
consumption, and drinking-related problems (Bruun et al. 1975; Edwards et al. 1994). These
relationships
are most apparent where a sudden, sharp decrease in alcohol
availability
occurs. In several European countries, for example, strikes by liquor
store
workers eliminated nearly all legal alcohol sales. As a result, most
individuals drank less (although some turned to illegally sold alcohol
products). In some of these countries, the decrease in alcohol
consumption was
accompanied by a decline in alcohol-related problems such as traffic
crashes,
arrests for drunkenness, and admissions to detoxification centers (Edwards et al. 1994).
Recent research (Holder 1993a, b) has focused on several public
health and
safety problems related to alcohol availability, including general
public consumption,
crime and safety issues, traffic crashes, and youth access to alcohol,
such as
sales to underage drinkers.
The following sections
briefly
examine each of these research areas. A more detailed analysis of
studies on
specific interventions aimed at reducing alcohol availability problems
appears
in chapter 3.
natural experiment - a change in a
situation, policy,
or process typically not initiated by researchers but which can be
evaluated by
them.
Alcohol
Availability
and General Public Consumption
Studies of natural
experiments
clarify the relationships among alcohol availability, consumption, and
related
problems by analyzing the effects of market-driven or other naturally
occurring
changes in alcohol availability. Such studies have examined strikes by
liquor
store workers, prohibitions on alcohol sales, and shifts from monopoly
to
private alcohol sales and vice versa. Despite considerable variations
in the
ways these natural experiments took place, in general they indicate
that a
reduction in alcohol availability appears to reduce the rates of
consumption
and drinking-related problems such as public drunkenness, assaults, and
drunk
driving, at least immediately following the change in availability (Edwards et al. 1994).
Alcohol
Availability
and Crime and Safety Issues
Alcohol consumption is a
factor in
more than half of all homicides and serious assaults (Pernanen 1991). Among the
respondents to
Pernanen's study who had visited a public site where drinking took
place at
least twice in the previous 30 days, alcohol-related violence was more
likely
to be reported at on-sale outlets than in homes, work sites, schools,
or the
streets. Pernanen points out, however, that the relationship between
alcohol
and violence is complex and influenced by a variety of cultural,
historical,
personal, and other situational factors that in combination with the
arousing
effects of alcohol can turn into aggressive behaviors that lead to
sexual and
other types of assault.
Studies suggest a strong
association
between violence and the retail availability of alcohol (Cook and Moore 1993a, b; Fagan 1993a, b; Lester 1993; Parker and Rebhun 1995). As a
result,
public health officials and legislators as well as researchers are
furthering
their efforts to understand this relationship. For example, the higher
rates of
violence at bars have inspired studies of management practices and
policies for
serving alcohol, leading researchers to look at placing greater
responsibility
for any resulting problems on the managers of on-sale alcohol outlets (Holder and Wagenaar 1994).
Alcohol
Availability
and Traffic Crashes
Various links between
alcohol
availability and traffic crashes have been examined (Gruenewald et al. 1996; Holder 1993a; O'Malley and Wagenaar 1991; Scribner, Mackinnon, and Dwyer 1994;
Van Oers and Garretsen 1993),
including the
relationships between alcohol-related crashes and minimum legal
drinking age;
density of licensed alcohol outlets; and place of last drink and the
resulting
incidence of driving while intoxicated (DWI) arrests.
A number of studies have
found an
inverse relationship between raising the minimum legal drinking age and
the
number of traffic crashes resulting in personal injury or death (O'Malley and Wagenaar 1991; Wagenaar and Wolfson 1994). The
rate of
crashes was shown to decline when the minimum age for legally
purchasing
alcohol was raised from 18 to 20 or 21 years.
As might be expected,
researchers
have identified a direct relationship between the density of alcohol
outlets
and the number of traffic crashes in a given area (Scribner, Mackinnon, and Dwyer 1995;
Van Oers and Garretsen 1993).
Research also
has shown that the highest percentage of individuals charged with DWI
consumed
their last drink in a bar or restaurant; a study by Fell (1988),
discussed in McKnight (1991), for example,
reported that
30 percent of drivers arrested for DWI in Maryland were en route from
bars or
restaurants. Furthermore, data collected in roadside surveys indicated
that a
major share of the drinking by intoxicated drivers occurred in bars and
restaurants (Interministerial Committee on
Drinking-Driving 1980;
McKnight 1991; Palmer 1986; Wolfe 1975). Overall, the
proportion of DWI
arrests after drinking at bars and restaurants to arrests after
drinking at
residences is greater than might be expected, even taking into
consideration
the relative proportions of alcohol sold through on- and off-sale
outlets.
Alcohol
Availability
and Youth Access to Alcohol
In July 1984, Federal
legislation
resulted in all 50 States and the
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2011 Hermosa Beach City Council Candidate Debate Questions
Candidates Opening
Statement - Two minutes each
Each candidate has one minute to respond to each of the Questions 1 thru 9.
______________________________________________________________
The first
block of debate questions will be based the following document:
Hermosa Beach City Council GOALS AND WORK PLAN FOR 2011-12.
http://hermosabeach.granicus.com/MetaViewer.php?view_id=4&clip_id=1481&meta_id=92782
Debate Question 1:
From
the City Council’s Goals and Work Plan 2011-2012:
What are your top two priorities that would
most benefit our local Hermosa Beach businesses?
1 minute each to respond.
____________________________________________________
Debate Question 2:
From
the City Council’s Goals and Work Plan 2011-2012:
What are your top two priorities that would
most benefit our Hermosa Beach residential neighborhoods?
1 minute each to respond.
____________________________________________________
Debate
Question 3:
What are your top priorities that you would want
to add to the City Council's Goals and Work Plan 2011-2012?
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________
What
is your position on Ballot Measure Q and Ballot Measure N.
Each candidate
will have
2 minutes to respond.
____________________________________________________
The second
block of debate questions will be based the following report:
“Reducing
Alcohol-Related Harms in Los Angeles County
-
A Cities and Communities Report.”
Published
by: The Los Angeles County Department of Public Health in March 2011
http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/epi/docs/AOD%20final%20print%20secured.pdf
____________________________________________________
One of the quotes from the:
“Reducing Alcohol-Related
Harms in Los Angeles County” report stated:
"Communities
with a high density of either On- or Off-Premises outlets were
. . 9 to 10 times more
likely to have increased rates of violent crime"
Data compiled from the:
“Reducing Alcohol-Related
Harms in Los Angeles County” report showed that:
- Hermosa Beach had 4 times the On-Premises alcohol outlet
density
compared
to all of Los Angeles County.
- Among the 7 South Bay cities bordering the ocean,
from El Segundo south to Rancho Palos Verdes,
Hermosa
Beach ranked number 1 in the per capita rate of violent
crime.
- Hermosa Beach had more than double the rate of violent crime
compared
to Manhattan Beach.
- Hermosa Beach had more than 3 times the rate of violent crime
compared
to Rancho Palos Verdes
- Hermosa Beach had more than 10 times the rate of violent crime
compared to Palos Verdes Estates.
____________________________________________________Debate
Question 4:
Do you believe the findings in the
"Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in Los Angeles County" report
regarding the relationship of alcohol outlet density
to
increased violent crime in a city?
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________Debate
Question 5:
Hermosa Beach and Manhattan Beach were both listed
as having a “High Level” of alcohol outlet density.
Data from the report showed that Hermosa Beach had more than
double the rate of violent crime compared to Manhattan Beach.
In the past the HBPD has stated that over-crowding, over-serving
and under-age drinking were problems that had to be dealt with.
Does over-crowding, over-serving and under-age drinking
continue
to be problem in Hermosa Beach?
____________________________________________________
Questions
from the Audience
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________Debate
Question 6:
One
of the recommendations from the "Reducing Alcohol-Related Harms in Los
Angeles County" report was to:
"Ensure compliance with responsible sales and serving practices."
Would strict enforcement of the 50-50 law with verified documentation;
reduce the alcohol related problems that the HBPD has to deal,
from restaurants that over-serve alcohol?
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________The next block of debate questions relate
to future policy options for Hermosa Beach.
____________________________________________________
Debate Question 7:
From the report the 7 South Bay city ranking showed that city’s with
a High alcohol outlet density had a higher rate of violent crime.
While cities listed with a Low alcohol outlet density had a lower rate of violent crime.
Currently new beer and wine restaurants that close by 10pm can open up
in Hermosa Beach without going thru the CUP process, which includes public hearings.
This
same by “by right” process can also add new liquor stores.
Is there a net economic benefit to Hermosa Beach, when new beer and wine
restaurants
or new liquor stores are allowed to open without public hearings?
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________
Question 8:
Under current zoning, businesses such as nightclub cabarets,
pornography stores, massage parlors or tattoo shops are allowed
to open in designated Hermosa Beach commercial zones.
Does the addition of new adult-oriented businesses
near
residential neighborhoods and schools, benefit the city?
Is there a net economic benefit to the city from adding
more
adult-oriented businesses in Hermosa Beach?
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________
Question 9:
The Public Safety budget, which includes the HBPD and the HBFD,
makes
up about 65% of the city's yearly budget.
The HBPD is
operating with 5-6 less police officers positions due to budget
cuts.
The HBFD also recently lost
3 firefighter positions due to budget cuts.
What are your top priorities for the future of
public
safety operations in the Hermosa Beach?
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________
If time allows we will have:
Questions
from the Audience
1 minute to respond.
____________________________________________________
Hermosa
Beach City Council Candidates Closing Statements:
2 minutes to respond..
______________________________________________________________
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